Enzo Fittipaldi competed in the 2017 Italian F4 Championship with Prema Powerteam. He finished ninth in the championship with the highest race result of fifth place. Fittipaldi remained with Prema Powerteam for the 2018 season and with 12 podiums including 7 wins, he was able to secure the championship title. In 2019, Fittipaldi moved to the Formula Regional European Championship. He scored 13 podiums which included 2 wins and finished the year in 2nd place. 

In 2020, Fittipaldi moved to the FIA Formula 3 Championship to drive for HWA Racelab and with 27 points he finished the year in 15th place in the standings. In 2021, Fittipaldi switched to Charouz Racing System for F3. He scored 6 points finished before he was promoted to FIA Formula 2 to replace David Beckmann. It was a tough debut in Formula 2, but the Brazilian driver ended the season in 20th place with 2 points. For 2022, Fittipaldi remained with Charouz Racing System in Formula 2. He scored his first F2 podium at Imola and followed that up with 5 more podiums. For the 2023 season Fittipaldi is set to driver for Carlin in Formula 2.